ABSTRACT
Objectives@#To investigate the correlation between imbalance of muscle mass to body weight and lifestyle-related diseases using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) among Japanese population. @*Methods@#This was a retrospective, cross-sectional study conducted at Juntendo University Hospital in Tokyo, Japan, from May 2015 to November 2017. Their muscle-to-weight ratio were stratified into “muscle-to-weight ratio” quartiles as follows: men, Q1 (0.79), Q2 (0.75 to <0.79), Q3 (0.72 to <0.75), and Q4 (<0.72); women, Q1 (0.73), Q2 (0.68 to <0.73), Q3 (0.63 to <0.68), and Q4 (<0.63). The primary outcome was prevalence of 2 lifestyle-related diseases, including hypertension, dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and hyperuricemia. @*Results@#Data from 2009 individuals (men, 55%; mean age, 62 years) were analyzed. Compared to the lowest quartile, risk for the presence of 2 lifestyle-related diseases, in a multivariable regression model for men was as follows: Q2 (odds ratio [OR], 1.93; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.31e2.87), Q3 (OR, 2.85; 95% CI, 1.89e4.29), and Q4 (OR, 6.00; 95% CI, 4.07e8.84). For women, an increased risk was seen in Q2 (OR, 2.31; 95% CI, 1.20e4.46), Q3 (OR, 4.45; 95% CI, 2.40e8.26), and Q4 (OR, 12.6; 95% CI, 6.80e23.5). Cutoff values of muscle-to-weight ratio correlated with lifestyle-related diseases (2) were 0.76 for men and 0.68 for women. @*Conclusions@#Our results showed that an imbalance of muscle mass to body weight confers an independent and stepwise increased risk for lifestyle-related diseases.
ABSTRACT
Objectives@#To investigate the correlation between imbalance of muscle mass to body weight and lifestyle-related diseases using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) among Japanese population. @*Methods@#This was a retrospective, cross-sectional study conducted at Juntendo University Hospital in Tokyo, Japan, from May 2015 to November 2017. Their muscle-to-weight ratio were stratified into “muscle-to-weight ratio” quartiles as follows: men, Q1 (0.79), Q2 (0.75 to <0.79), Q3 (0.72 to <0.75), and Q4 (<0.72); women, Q1 (0.73), Q2 (0.68 to <0.73), Q3 (0.63 to <0.68), and Q4 (<0.63). The primary outcome was prevalence of 2 lifestyle-related diseases, including hypertension, dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and hyperuricemia. @*Results@#Data from 2009 individuals (men, 55%; mean age, 62 years) were analyzed. Compared to the lowest quartile, risk for the presence of 2 lifestyle-related diseases, in a multivariable regression model for men was as follows: Q2 (odds ratio [OR], 1.93; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.31e2.87), Q3 (OR, 2.85; 95% CI, 1.89e4.29), and Q4 (OR, 6.00; 95% CI, 4.07e8.84). For women, an increased risk was seen in Q2 (OR, 2.31; 95% CI, 1.20e4.46), Q3 (OR, 4.45; 95% CI, 2.40e8.26), and Q4 (OR, 12.6; 95% CI, 6.80e23.5). Cutoff values of muscle-to-weight ratio correlated with lifestyle-related diseases (2) were 0.76 for men and 0.68 for women. @*Conclusions@#Our results showed that an imbalance of muscle mass to body weight confers an independent and stepwise increased risk for lifestyle-related diseases.
ABSTRACT
<b>BACKGROUND</b>: We describe a 40-year-old Thai woman living in Japan who was transferred to Juntendo University Hospital after lung cancer was suspected. Chest X-ray showed a nodular lesion and pleural effusion in the left lung. Laboratory data showed eosinophilia. She denied having consumed raw or undercooked food at the initial interview. Microplate enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for Paragonimus westermani specific immunoglobulin (Ig) G antibody was positive at a high titer, confirming the diagnosis of P. westermani infection. She was successfully treated with oral praziquantel. All primary practitioners should be aware that paragonimiasis is an important pulmonary disease that can cause nodular lesions on chest X-ray.
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ABSTRACT: A case of infectious mononucleosis (IM) in a previously healthy 43-year-old male is presented. The patient complained of fever and a sore throat of 3 weeks' duration. Although blood tests showed a marked increase in atypical lymphocytes, tests for Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and cytomegalovirus (CMV) were negative. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) antibody was positive on enzymelinked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the HIV-1 viral load was 6.4×10<SUP>4</SUP>copies/mL. Western blot (WB) analysis did not initially confirm HIV-1 infection ; however, HIV-1 infection was confirmed one month after presentation. Although several pathogens can cause infections presenting as IM, in Japan there have been few reports of acute retroviral syndrome presenting as IM. This case is being reported to stress the importance of the early diagnosis of acute retroviral syndrome.
ABSTRACT
We recently encountered a case of fatal pneumococcal infection in a previously healthy 19-year-old female. She had no history of splenectomy, but on autopsy she was found to have hyposplenism. It has been widely reported that life-threatening pneumococcal infection can occur after splenectomy, though cases of hyposplenic or asplenic adults, without a history of splenectomy, are very rare. We report this case and review the literature dealing with 6 similar cases.
ABSTRACT
We report the case of a 59-year-old man who presented with classical-type fever of unknown origin (FUO) during observation of hypertension and polycystic kidney. The presence of malignancy was suspected based on elevation of tumor marker levels. We examined the patient carefully and attempted diagnostic imaging, but definitive diagnosis was difficult due to the presence of multiple hepatic cysts. Hepatic biopsy detected adenocarcinoma, but identifying whether lesions were primary cholangiocellular carcinoma or metastases was difficult, and we were ultimately unable to diagnose the tumors as cholangiocellular carcinoma until autopsy. Polycystic kidney with hepatic cysts and complicated by cholangiocellular carcinoma is rare, but should be considered among the differential diagnosis for FUO, which itself is frequently encountered.